Resumen
Introducción
Las complicaciones gástricas de los medicamentos constituyen unos de los efectos adversos más destacados y de mayor relevancia clínica, siendo los AINE los principales causantes.
PatogénesisEl daño a nivel de la mucosa gástrica se puede presentar de diferentes maneras, siendo el mecanismo fundamental la inhibición de la síntesis de prostaglandinas.
Factores de riesgoExisten diversos factores de riesgo, dependientes e independientes, que permiten estratificar a los pacientes según su riesgo y, en consecuencia, adoptar medidas preventivas.
Prevención y tratamientoEntre estas medidas, la coadministración de AINE junto con inhibidores de la bomba de protones o la administración de inhibidores selectivos de la COX-2 han demostrado ser en estudios aleatorizados medidas efectivas. No obstante, se deben valorar otras alternativas preventivas y terapéuticas a la administración de AINE, debido sobre todo al riesgo asociado cardiovascular de este grupo farmacológico y, en especial, de los inhibidores selectivos de la COX-2.
Palabras clave
Gastroprotección
Antiinflamatorios no esteroideos
Inhibidores de la bomba de protones
Inhibidores selectivos de la COX-2
Abstract
Introduction
Gastric drug complications are one of the more adverse effects prominent and most clinically relevant, NSAIDs being the main causes.
PathogenesisThe damage level gastric mucosa can be presented in different ways, being the fundamental mechanism inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.
Risk factor'sThere are several risk factors, dependent and independent, which allow to stratify patients according to their risk and, accordingly, take preventive measures.
Prevention and treatmentAmong these measures, coadministration with NSAIDs proton-pump inhibitor or administration of COX-2 inhibitor have proven to be effective measures in randomized studies. However, you should evaluate other preventive and therapeutic administration of NSAIDs alternatives, mainly due to the risk. This associated cardiovascular drug group and, in particular, selective inhibitors COX-2.
Keywords
Gastroprotection
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Proton pump inhibitors
Selective COX-2 inhibitors
Identifíquese
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