Vol. 14. Núm. 62.
Páginas 3862-3866 (Septiembre 2026)

Protocolos de práctica asistencial
Protocolos de intervención en sarcopenia y recuperación funcional

Intervention protocols for sarcopenia and functional recovery

J.J. Arechederra CalderónA.F. Fernández RomeroM. Madrigal LópezA. Alises García-MoratoC. Rodríguez RománJ. Castillejo Nuñez
Doi : https://10.1016/j.med.2026.09.006
Resumen

La sarcopenia es un síndrome geriátrico caracterizado por la pérdida progresiva y generalizada de masa, fuerza y función muscular. Su prevalencia aumenta con la edad y se asocia con fragilidad, caídas, discapacidad y mortalidad. La comprensión de sus mecanismos fisiopatológicos ha permitido el desarrollo de estrategias terapéuticas dirigidas a preservar la funcionalidad y la calidad de vida en la población mayor.

El objetivo del protocolo es revisar las principales intervenciones terapéuticas dirigidas a la prevención y el tratamiento de la sarcopenia y al mantenimiento o recuperación funcional en adultos mayores. El abordaje de la sarcopenia requiere estrategias integradas y personalizadas que combinen ejercicio, nutrición y, en casos seleccionados, farmacoterapia. La detección temprana y la rehabilitación funcional son clave para prevenir la dependencia y promover un envejecimiento activo y saludable.

Palabras clave
Sarcopenia
Ejercicio multicomponente
Vivifrail
Intervención nutricional
Recuperación funcional
Envejecimiento saludable
Abstract

Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterized by the progressive and generalized loss of muscle mass, strength, and function. Its prevalence increases with age and is associated with frailty, falls, disability, and mortality. Understanding its pathophysiological mechanisms has enabled the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving functionality and quality of life in older adults.

The objective of this protocol is to review the main treatment interventions aimed at preventing and treating sarcopenia and at maintaining or recuperating function in older adults. Addressing sarcopenia requires integrated, personalized strategies that combine exercise, nutrition, and, in selected cases, pharmacotherapy. Early detection and functional rehabilitation are key to preventing dependence and promoting active and healthy aging.

Keywords
Sarcopenia
Multicomponent exercise
Vivifrail
Nutritional intervention
Functional recovery
Healthy aging

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